Isingeniso
Esimeni esithuthukayo esithuthukayo sokuxhumana okubonakalayo kwedijithali, izibonisi ze-LED zasendlini seziphenduke indlela ebaluleke kakhulu kumabhizinisi, izikhungo zemfundo, izindlu zokukhulekela, nezindawo zokuzijabulisa. Kusuka-ezindlini zokuphatha zezinkampani eziphezulu kanye nezinkampani ezidayisayo ezimatasatasa kuya ezitudiyo zokusakaza ezigxilile nezikhungo zokuyala ezinamandla, lezi zibonisi zinikeza ukukhanya okungenakuqhathaniswa, ukunemba kombala ogqamile, kanye nokuscalability okungenazihibe. Kodwa-ke, ukutshala imali kusibonisi se-LED sasendlini akuwona{3}}usayizi owodwa-olingana-wonke umzamo. Esinye sezinqumo ezibucayi kakhulu ozobhekana nazo phakathi nesigaba sokuthenga nokuhlela ukukhetha ukuphakama kwephikseli okulungile.
Ukuphakama kwe-Pixel kucacisa ngokuqondile okubonakalayo, ukunethezeka kokubuka, isabelomali sephrojekthi, kanye nembuyiselo iyonke ekutshalweni kwezimali. Ukukhetha iphimbo elikhulu kakhulu endaweni yokubuka kuzoholela esithombeni esiluhlaza, esinephikseli esihluleka ukubandakanya izethameli. Ngokuphambene, ukukhetha ukuphakama okuhle ngokungadingekile kungakhuphula kakhulu izindleko zephrojekthi ngaphandle kokuletha okuhlangenwe nakho okubonakalayo okuphezulu ngokuphawulekayo.
Ukuzulazula kuningi lokucaciswa kobuchwepheshe okutholakala emakethe namuhla kungase kuzwakale kungaphezu kwamandla kubaphathi bezikhungo, izihlanganisi ze-AV, kanye nabanikazi bamabhizinisi ngokufanayo. Lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uhlola okuyisisekelo kokuphakama kwephikseli, izindlela eziyinhloko zokunquma ukucaciswa okufanelekile kwesibonisi sakho se-LED sasendlini, kanye nezici ezibalulekile zemvelo, ezomnotho, kanye nezobuchwepheshe okufanele uzihlole ukuze uqinisekise impumelelo{1}yesikhathi eside.
1. Ukuqonda i-Pixel Pitch: Ukuthi Iyini nokuthi Kungani Ibalulekile
Ukuze wenze isinqumo esinolwazi, umuntu kufanele aqale abambe incazelo yezobuchwepheshe kanye ne-physics eyisisekelo yephimbo lephikseli. Ngomongo wobuchwepheshe besimanje be-LED, ukuphakama kwephikseli kubhekisela ebangeni elingokoqobo elilinganiswa ngamamilimitha ukusuka phakathi nendawo yephikseli eyodwa (noma iqoqo lephikseli le-LED) ukuya enkabeni yephikseli eseduze. Le metric ivame ukuchazwa ngohlamvu oluthi "P"{2}}ngokwesibonelo, P1.2, P2.5, noma P4.
Umthetho oyisisekelo wesithupha olawula ukuphakama kwephikseli ulula: uma inombolo yokuphakama kwephikseli incane, amaphikseli asondelana kakhulu, okuholela ekukhuleni kwamaphikseli aphezulu kanye nokucaca kwesithombe okucijile. Ngokuphambene, ukuphakama kwephikseli okukhulu kusho amaphikseli ambalwa ngemitha-skwele ngayinye, okuyinto evame ukufanela izindawo lapho izibukeli zimi kude kakhulu nesikrini.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwePixel Pitch kanye Nokulungiswa
Ngokungafani nezikrini ezijwayelekile zoketshezi-ze-crystal display (LCD) noma ukukhanya kwe-organic-emitting diode (OLED) izikrini eziza nokulungiswa okungaguquki, okuqinile, izibonisi ze-modular zasendlini ze-LED zakhiwe ngokuhlanganisa kalula amakhabethe e-LED noma amathayela ndawonye njengeziqephu zendida. Ukulungiswa kukonke kwesikrini akunqunywa kuphela ubukhulu bomzimba besibonisi ngokwaso, kodwa kunalokho ngenhlanganisela eyinkimbinkimbi yosayizi wesikrini esibonakalayo kanye nokuphakama kwephikseli ekhethiwe.
Uma wehlisa ukuphakama kwephikseli, ukhulisa ngokuphawulekayo inani lamaphikseli apakishwe endaweni efanayo ncamashi. Lokhu kuminyana okuphezulu kuvumela izithombe eziyinkimbinkimbi, umbhalo ocolekileyo,{1}}nokuqukethwe kwevidiyo enencazelo ephezulu ukuthi kunikeze ngokushelela ngaphandle kokubonakala kwamaphikiseli noma amaphethelo amangelengele. Ukuqonda lobu budlelwano kubalulekile ngoba ukubonisa{3}}okuqukethwe okuphezulu kokulungiswa esikrinini okunokuphakama kwephikseli enkulu kumosha ukwethembeka kokokusebenza kwakho okuwumthombo, kuyilapho ukubeka{4}}ukulungiswa okuphansi kokuqukethwe ekubonisweni okuphezulu{5}}kungaholela ezinkingeni zokukala, ukuhlanekezelwa kwe-artifact, kanye nezindleko ezinkulu ezingasebenzi.
2. Amafomula angumongo kanye nemithetho yesithupha yokunquma iphimbo le-Pixel
Ukukhetha ukuphakama kwephikseli elungile akuyona indaba yokuqagela; incike ezimisweni zokubona ezimisiwe, imibundu ye-acuity yomuntu, kanye namafomula okubuka ibanga. Ngenxa yokuthi amehlo abantu anemikhawulo yemvelo mayelana nokuthi miningi kangakanani imininingwane angayixazulula ebangeni elinikeziwe, kunemikhawulo yezibalo ehlukile lapho amaphikseli ngamanye eyeka ukuhlukaniswa ngeso lenyama.
I-Visual Acuity Distance (I-Retinal Limit)
Ubuncane bebanga obuphelele lapho umuntu onombono ojwayelekile ongu-20/20 angabuka khona isikrini se-LED ngaphandle kokubona amaphikseli angawodwana laziwa njengebanga le-visual acuity. Ifomula yomkhakha eyamukelwa kabanzi yokubala leli banga lokubuka elilungile ngamamitha ithi:
$$\\text{Pixel Pitch (in mm)} \\izikhathi 1.16=\\umbhalo{Ibanga Elincane Lokubuka (ngamamitha)}$$
Okunye, uma usebenza kumayunithi ombuso, elinye izinga elivamile lembonini umthetho we-10x, ophakamisa ukuthi imilimitha engu-1 yephikseli yokuphakama ilingana cishe namafidi angu-8 kuya kwangu-10 ebanga lokubuka ukuze kucace kahle. Isibonelo, isibonisi se-LED sangaphakathi se-P2.5 sivame ukulungiselelwa izibukeli ezimi okungenani amamitha angu-2.5 (cishe amafithi angu-8) kude. Uma izibukeli zisondela eduze kwalo mkhawulo obaliwe, okubukwayo kuyehla njengoba amaphikseli angawodwana abonakala ngokusobala, okwephula inkohliso yesithombe esiqhubekayo, esingenazihibe.
Ibanga elimaphakathi lokubuka i-Comfort
Nakuba ifomula ye-Visual acuity ibala ubuncane bebanga eliphelele ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke i-pixelation, ibanga lokubuka ukunethezeka livame ukuba yimethrikhi esebenziseka kakhulu-yezindawo zangempela zomhlaba. Ezindaweni eziguqukayo,{2}}eziphezulu zethrafikhi njengezindawo zokungcebeleka zezinkampani noma izitolo zezitolo, izibukeli zihlala zinyakaza futhi zishintsha indawo. Ukudizayina isikrini ngokusekelwe kuphela kumkhawulo omncane kungabangela ukukhathala nokungaphatheki kahle kwamehlo uma abantu bema eduze kakhulu isikhathi eside. Ochwepheshe bomkhakha bavame ukuncoma ukuphindaphinda ukuphakama kwephikseli ngamamilimitha ngo-2 ukuya ku-2.5 ukuze bathole ibanga elifanelekile lokusebenza lapho umbhalo nemifanekiso ibonakala ihlangene ngokuphelele, ingokwemvelo, futhi ikhululekile emehlweni omuntu.
3. Izinto Ezibalulekile Zendawo Ezungezile Nezokusebenza Ezinomthelela Ekukhetheni Kwakho
Nakuba amafomula ezibalo kanye nemithetho yokubona ihlinzeka ngesiqalo esithembekile, ayikhulumi yonke indaba. Yonke indawo yasendlini inezici zomzimba ezihlukile, izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zezakhiwo, kanye nezidingo zokusebenza okufanele zibe nomthelela omkhulu ekukhetheni kwakho kokugcina kwephikseli yesibonisi sakho se-LED sasendlini.
Ukubuka Ibanga kanye Nezithameli eziseduze
Ukuziphatha kwezithameli kuwumshayeli oyinhloko wokukhetha ukuphakama kwephikseli. Cabangela ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwesikhala. Esitudiyo sokusakaza umabona kude noma{2}}egunjini lokulawula iziteki eziphezulu, ama-opharetha namakhamera avame ukumiswa ngamamitha nje ukusuka endaweni yesikrini. Lokhu kuba seduze kudinga -amaphikseli amahle kakhulu-okuvamile asukela ku-P0.9 kuya ku-P1.8-ukuqinisekisa ukuthi{9}}izithombe zekhamera ezivalayo azikhathazwa ukuphazamisa amaphethini e-moiré nokuthi opharetha bangafunda ukusakazwa kwedatha okuminyene, enamawindi amaningi ngaphandle kokubhekana nezinkinga zamehlo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ku-ballroom enkulu yehhotela, ihholo elikhulu lezinkampani, noma indlu yokukhulekela, izethameli ngokuvamile zihlezi amashumi noma amamitha angamakhulu ukusuka esiteji. Kulezi zimo, ukukhetha i-ultra-fine pitch akukhiqizi futhi kuwukumosha ngokwezimali. Isibonisi se-LED sangaphakathi se-P3 noma se-P4 sizoletha isithombe esingenamthungo, esicwebezelayo ezithamelini ngenani elincane lezindleko, njengoba amehlo abantu engakwazi ukuxazulula ukuhluka okuhle kwamaphikseli kude noma kunjalo.
Uhlobo Lokuqukethwe Nezidingo Zokulungiswa
Imvelo yokuqukethwe ohlose ukukusakaza idlala indima enkulu ekunqumeni ukuphakama kwephikseli. Zibuze: Yini ezovezwa esibukweni nsuku zonke?
Idatha-Okuqukethwe Okusindayo: Uma isibonisi sakho sizobonisa amaspredishithi ayinkimbinkimbi, amadeshibhodi ezezimali ayinkimbinkimbi, amapulani ezakhiwo, noma umyalo onemininingwane-kanye{2}}nokulawula isofthiwe, udinga ukuminyana kwamaphikseli aphezulu. Umbhalo omncane uzofiphalisa, uhlanekezele, futhi ungafundeki esikrinini esimaholoholo.
Ividiyo Yesinema Nephromoshini: Uma isibonisi sinikezelwe ngokuyinhloko kumavidiyo angemuva asemoyeni, amaluphu obuciko,{0}}izimakethe zemikhiqizo ezinethonya eliphezulu, noma ukusakazwa kwemicimbi ebukhoma, amaphikseli amakhudlwana angaba axole ngokuphawulekayo ngoba amehlo abantu ngokwemvelo ahlangana ngokushesha{1}}ozimele bevidiyo abanyakazayo kanye nokushintsha kwemibala ecebile.
Imikhawulo Yesikhala Esibonakalayo Nosayizi Wesikrini
Ubukhulu obubonakalayo besikhala sakho sodonga esitholakalayo, umthamo wokulayisha wesakhiwo, kanye nesakhiwo sokukhweza kubeka imingcele eqinile ekukhetheni kwakho. Ngenxa yokuthi izibonisi ze-LED zakhiwe kusukela kosayizi bekhabethe abajwayelekile (abafana no-500mm x 500mm noma 600mm x 337.5mm ukuze kugcinwe ukulingana okuphelele kokungu-16:9), ukuzuza isamba esiphelele sokulungiswa kuncike kakhulu ekuphakameni kwephikseli. Uma unesikhala esincane sodonga -ake sithi, ububanzi obungamamitha angu-3{10}}futhi udinga ukubonisa ukulungiswa kweqiniso kwe-Full HD (1920x1080), uphoqeleka ngokwezibalo ukuthi ukhethe ukuphakama{13}}kwephikseli enhle kakhulu. Ukuzama ukuthola i-HD Egcwele endaweni encane ene-P4 pitch akunakwenzeka ngokomzimba ngoba usayizi wekhabhinethi odingekayo ukufaka amaphikseli angu-1920 endaweni eyi-4mm ungenza isikrini sibe sikhulu ngokweqile ekamelweni.
4. Ibhajethi Yokulinganisa, Isondlo, Nokuphila Isikhathi Eside Sezobuchwepheshe
Ukuzulazula ezicacisweni zesibonisi se-LED sasendlini kukuletha nakanjani empambanweni yobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe kanye nezomnotho ezizwakalayo. Ukuthola indawo emnandi phakathi kokusebenza nokutshalwa kwezimali kwezimali kubalulekile ukuze kube nokuthunyelwa okuphumelelayo, okusimeme.
Imithelela Yezindleko Ze-Fine Pixel Pitch
Kungumthetho ongaguquki wemboni yokukhiqiza ye-LED ukuthi njengoba ukuphakama kwephikseli kuncipha, izindleko imitha yesikwele ngayinye zikhuphuka kakhulu. I-ultra{1}}fine pitch display (efana ne-P0.9 noma i-P1.2) ipakisha ama-LED amaningi ngokuphindwe kane endaweni efanayo ncamashi nesibonisi se-P2.5. Lokhu kwanda okukhulu kokuminyana kwezingxenye kukhuphula inkimbinkimbi yokukhiqiza, izilinganiso zokulahlekelwa kwesivuno, isivinini sokubekwa kwendawo-ye-Mount Technology (SMT) kanye nezimfuneko ze-IC yomshayeli.
Ngakho-ke, abathengi kufanele bazithibe ngamasu. Ungazenzeli ngendlela yephikseli encane kunazo zonke etholakalayo ngoba nje imele ubuchwepheshe obusha kakhulu emakethe. Linganisa amabanga akho angempela okubuka kanye nezidingo zokuqukethwe ngokucophelela. Uma izethameli zakho zingasondeli ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-4 esikrinini, ukuthenga isibonisi se-P1.2 ngesibonisi se-P2.5 kungase kuphindwe kabili noma kathathu ibhajethi yakho yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ngaphandle kokunikeza imbuyiselo ebonakalayo kukhwalithi yokubuka.
Ukukhipha Ukushisa, Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kanye nokwethembeka
Ukuminyana kwengxenye kuphinde kuthinte izici zokusebenza ezibonakalayo kanye nephrofayela eshisayo yesibonisi. Ukupakishwa kwe-Denser LED kusho izingxenye eziningi ze-elekthronikhi ezisebenza endaweni ebonakalayo evalekile, ngokwemvelo ekhiqiza ukushisa okuphezulu kwendawo. Nakuba izibonisi zesimanje ze-LED zasendlini zifaka amandla athuthukile-imiklamo yokonga nezindlela zokupholisa eziphumelelayo, izikrini ze-ultra-ezinhle kakhulu zidinga ukuphathwa okushisayo okucophelelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukulinganiswa kombala okufanayo kanye{4}}nobude besikhathi eside be-diode. Ukwengeza, ukufinyeleleka ekunakekeleni kuyisihluthulelo sokucatshangelwa; izindawo ezingcono kakhulu ngezinye izikhathi zingazwela kakhulu kuthonya elibonakalayo ngesikhathi sokuhlanza noma isevisi evamile, okudinga ingaphambili eliqinile-imiklamo esebenzisekayo enezingubo zokuzivikela (ezifana nobuchwepheshe be-GOB noma be-COB) endaweni{7}}ephezulu yethrafikhi, yezemfundo, noma yomphakathi.
Ikusasa-Ukufakazela Ukutshalwa Kwezimali Kwakho
Ubuchwepheshe buhamba ngokushesha, kodwa ukufakwa kwesibonisi sezakhiwo kulindeleke ukuthi kuhlale iminyaka eminingi. Lapho ukhetha ukuphakama kwephikseli yakho, cabanga ukuthi izidingo zakho zokuqukethwe zingashintsha kanjani eminyakeni emihlanu kuya kweyisikhombisa ezayo. Uma kunethuba elinamandla lokuthi inhlangano yakho izoshintsha isuka kokuphakelayo okujwayelekile kwevidiyo iye kwephezulu-ephezulu{3}}ekubukisweni kwedatha yencazelo noma izindawo zokukhiqiza ezibonakalayo ezigxilile maduze nje, ukutshala imali engaphezulu kancane kubhajethi yakho yokuqala ukuze uvikele ukuphakama kwephikseli ecolekileyo kungakusindisa ekuphelelweni kwesikhathi kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha ukuphakama kwephikseli okulungile kwesibonisi sakho se-LED sasendlini kuyisinqumo samasu esihlanganisa ubuciko, izibalo, nokuhlela kwezakhiwo. Ngokuhlaziya ngokucophelela amabanga okubuka izithameli zakho, ukuhlola inkimbinkimbi yokuqukethwe kwakho, ukuhlonipha imingcele yendawo yakho, nokulinganisa izindleko zakho ezinkulu nezidingo{1}}zesikhathi eside zokusebenza, unganqamula inkulumo-ze yobuchwepheshe futhi ufike esixazululweni esifanele.
Khumbula ukuthi umgomo omkhulu wanoma isiphi isibonisi esibonakalayo ukuzibandakanya, ukucaca, nokuxhumana okusebenzayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhetha ukubiza-ukuphakama okusebenzayo kwehholo elikhulu noma{2}}ukuphakama okuphezulu{2}}kwegumbi lokulawula{3}}eliphezulu, ukwenza ukukhetha okunolwazi, okudinga{4}}kuqinisekise ukuthi isibonisi sakho se-LED sangaphakathi sizoletha umthelela wokubuka omangalisayo, ukusebenza okuthembekile, kanye nenani eliyingqayizivele iminyaka ezayo.